2012年11月7日星期三

E-bike Market in USA is waking up


When e-bikes first really emerged in the US market in the 1990s, there were a handful of generic models available for sale. Merida, Currie, Yamaha, and Honda were all players, but no one model stood out from the others in terms of appearance, performance, and capability. People came into retail locations to buy an e-bike, not a Yamaha. Things have changed since those early says, but theres still a long way to go. 
Now there are over 40 companies situated and selling (or getting ready to) e-bikes in the US:
Specializing their products 
The competition is growing and with it, differentiation. Appearance, performance and capability matter now. US consumers are becoming more discerning regarding e-bikes and manufacturers are stepping up to set them apart. Targeting commuters, baby boomers, extreme riders, green enthusiasts, and more, e-bike companies have started specializing their products to appeal to specific groups, and people are noticing.In an age where you can easily change the color of your cell phone, laptop, tablet, etc. the US electric bike market has woken up to the fact that consumers are demanding customization and personalization. Instead of shopping for an electric bike, todays consumers are shopping for color, style, graphics, and fun accessories in order to project their own uniqueness out into a world that has become very busy.Gone are the days of all e-bike manufacturers using generic bicycle frames, you know the one: not quite a mountain bike, not quite a cruiser, not quite a road bike. E-bikes are finally showing some personality, like the people who own them.
Performance will always be a key factor for US consumers when considering the purchase of an ebike. Unfortunately, e-bikes in the USA have had a notoriously bad reputation for poor function. Good ones are available now, but they are mixed in with products that are still under performing and unreliable.
The problem has been that the US consumers (and bike brand buyers) demand for a low, low price continues to pull junk into the e-bike market. And theres not much to be done about that. There will always be a market for a cheap, poorly made products (as it is with virtually every other product on the market). The good news is however, there are plenty of well-made, good-performing e-bikes to choose from and plenty of ways for consumers to find them.
Rules & Regulations 
The laws governing the power and speed of e-bikes in the US (HR 727) have not wavered since being adopted in 2002. Motor power in the USA can be as high as 750 Watts and most brands have found that this is more than is needed. So e-bike motors range from 250 Watts to 750, with the bulk being 500 Watts or less. And the majority of e-bikes have a top speed of 20 mph (32 kmh), since the law prohibits anything faster.
Some ebike functionality has definitely seen improvements over the years. For instance, the computer display has evolved into a smart display. They can calculate not only speed and distance, but heart rate, calories burned, and carbon emissions saved, etc. With some, you can download your trip information to your computer and have a record of all of your rides.
Several brands in the US are also now offering two different methods of power: pedal assist as well as throttle on demand power. These options give consumers more flexibility in the way they ride as well as the possibility to increase their range. There are usually two types of riders of e-bikes those who pedal and those who do not. This feature satisfies both needs.
US distribution of e-bikes has stayed fairly constant over the years, with the majority of product being sold through IBDs and online. There is also a good amount sold through LEV specialty retailers and big box stores.
But be prepared for other channels to open up in the next few years, as e-bikes find space in ATV/UTV stores, auto dealerships and other transportation outlets.
All in all, e-bikes have come a long way since their introduction into the US marketplace. But they still have a long way to go.

More: http://www.freyebikes.com/

2011年10月13日星期四

Aluminum Die Castings Industry in Global

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Aluminum Die Castings in Million Pounds by the following End-Use Segments: Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines, Industrial, Commercial & Defense, Consumer OEMs, and Computers & Telecommunications. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for each region for the period 2007 through 2015. A seven-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets. The report profiles 198 companies including many key and niche players such as Alcast Company, Alcoa Howmet Castings, Bodine Aluminum, Inc., Consolidated Metco, Inc., Contech U.S., LLC, Dynacast, Inc., Gibbs Die Casting Corp., Honsel GmbH & Co. KG, Intermet Corporation., J. L. French Automotive Castings, Inc., Kaiser Aluminum Corporation, Leggett & Platt Inc., Los Angeles Die Casting Company, Rio Tinto Alcan, Inc., Rochester Aluminum Smelting Canada Ltd, Ryobi Ltd., Shanghai Cosmopolitan Automobile Accessory Co., Ltd., and Trident Components Group. Ltd. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.
ALUMINUM DIE-CASTINGS MCP-2664
A GLOBAL STRATEGIC BUSINESS
CONTENTS
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 110 18g. REST OF EUROPE 111 A.Market Analysis 111 Current and Future Analysis 111 Region Wise Analysis of Eastern Europe Metal Die- Castings Industry for Recession 111 Table 59: Eastern Europe Metal Die-Castings Production (2008 & 2010) - Break Down by Segments Gray Iron Castings and Ductile Iron Castings for Countries - Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 111 Poland 112 Czech Republic 112 Hungary 112 Romania 112 B.Market Analytics 113 Table 60: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 113 Table 61: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Aluminum Die Castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/ Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 114 Table 62: Rest of Europe 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 115 19. ASIA-PACIFIC 116 A.Market Analysis 116 Current and Future Analysis 116 China 116 Metal Casting Industry in China Remains Unaffected by Recession 116 Table 63: Chinese Metal Casting Production (2008, 2009 and 2010)- Annual Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 116 Chinese Die-Casting Industry 117 India 117 Metal Casting Industry Production Remains Upbeat Even in Recession 117 Table 64: Indian Metal Casting Production (2008-2010)- Annual Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 117 Indian Die Casting Industry No More Immune to Global Downturn 118 Stable Machine Tools Industry to Increase Demand for Die- castings in India 118 India - A Key Exporter of Aluminum Die Castings to Europe 118 Korea 118 Metal Die-Castings Production in Korea Slows Down Due to Recession 118 Table 65: Korean Metal Casting Production (2008-2010)- Annual Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 119 Chinese Key Player 119 B.Market Analytics 120 Table 66: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 120 Table 67: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Aluminum Die Castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 121 Table 68: Asia-Pacific 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 122 20. LATIN AMERICA 123 A.Market Analysis 123 Current and Future Analysis 123 Metal Die-Castings Market by Region -Facing upto Recession 123 Brazil 123 Table 69: Brazilian Metal Casting Production (2008-2010)- Annual Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 123 Mexico 124 Table 70: Mexican Metal Casting Production (2008-2010)- Annual Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 124 B.Market Analytics 125 Table 71: Latin American Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for the Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 125 Table 72: Latin American Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 126 Table 73: Latin American 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 127 21. THE MIDDLE EAST 128 A.Market Analysis 128 Current and Future Analysis 128 B.Market Analytics 128 Table 74: Middle East Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 128 Table 75: Middle East Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 129 Table 76: Middle East 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 130 COMPETITION Total Companies Profiled: 198 (including Divisions/Subsidiaries - 203)
1. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS 1
Study Reliability And Reporting Limitations 1
Disclaimers 2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level 2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics 3
Product Definitions And Scope of Study 3
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines 3
Industrial, Commercial & Defense 3
Consumer OEMs 3
Computers and Telecommunications 4
2. MARKET SNAPSHOTS 5
Worldwide Aluminum Die-castings Market at a Glance (All figures
are 2010 Estimates & CAGR is for the period 2007-2015) 5
3. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 6 http://www.bldiecasting.com/
Global Market Analysis 7
Analysis by Geographic Region 7
Table 1: World Market for Aluminum Die-castings (2007-2015):
Geographic Regions Ranked by Growth - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and
Latin America (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 7
Analysis by End-Use Application 8
Table 2: World Market for Aluminum Die-castings (2007-2015):
End-Use Application Segments Ranked by Growth -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 8
4. TRENDS AND ISSUES 9
Co-operation is the Order of the Day 9
Need for Lighter Weight Automobiles Ignites Demand for
Aluminum Die Castings 9
Die-castings - An Environmentally Safe Solution 9
Aluminum Die Casting Industry Exempt from Plant Emission
Regulations 9
5. METAL CASTING INDUSTRY: AN OVERVIEW 11
The Process of Casting 11
Types of Casting 11
Permanent Molds Have an Edge Over Sand Casting 11
Die Casting - A Century Old Process 11
An Outlook for the Global Metal Die-Castings Industry through
the Recession 12
Global Metal Casting Shipments to Contract to 88 Million Tons
in 2010 12
Table 3: Global Metal Casting Production (2009) - Percentage
Breakdown by Regions - China, Western Europe, US, India,
Russia, Japan, Brazil, Eastern Europe, Korea, Mexico, Canada
and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 13
Region Wise Analysis of Metal Die-Castings Industry for
Recession 13
Western Europe 13
Table 4: Western Europe Metal Die-Castings Production
(2008-2010) - Annual Breakdown by Segments Gray Iron
Castings and Ductile Iron for Countries - Germany, Italy,
France, Turkey, Spain, UK, Sweden, Belgium, Netherlands,
Austria, Finland, Switzerland, Norway, Portugal and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 14
Asia-Pacific 15
Japan 15
Table 5: Japanese Metal Die-Cast Applications (2009 &
2010): Breakdown by End-use Segments - Industrial Machinery
& Engineering, Mining/ Construction Machinery, Metal
Working Machinery, Rolls/ Molds, Other Machinery,
Electrical Equipment, Automotive Parts, Other Vehicles,
Pipes and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 15
6. END-USE MARKETS: AN OVERVIEW 16
Automotive Industry 16
Aluminum in Automobiles 16
CAFE Regulations are of Major Significance 17
A Few Questions Remain Unanswered 17
Steel Vs Aluminum 17
Other Users of Aluminum 17
Consumer OEMs 18
Computers and Peripherals 18
Telecommunications 18
Industrial, Commercial and Defense Applications 18
Medical Devices 18
7. OVERVIEW OF THE ALUMINUM MARKET 19
Aluminum - A Briefing 19
Features of Aluminum 19
Table 6: Global End-Use Profile for Aluminum (2009):
Percentage Breakdown of Applications by Industry for
Transportation, Containers & Packaging, Building &
Construction, Consumer OEMs, and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) 20
Transportation Sector - Leading Consumer of Aluminum 20
Aluminum to Find Greater Acceptance in Automotive Manufacture 20
New Applications for Aluminum 20
Factors Favoring Aluminum as a Material for Die Casts 21
Recycled Metals - Preferred in Die Castings 21
Die-castings Industry: A Historic Perspective 21
Die Casting: What Does the Future Hold? 22
Areas of Applications for Aluminum Die Castings 22
Aluminum: Ideal in Combination With Zinc 22
8. PROCESS OVERVIEW 23
Aluminum Die Casting - Types 23
Low Pressure Die Casting 23
High Pressure Die Casting 23
Gravity Casting 24
Automated Gravity Casting 24
Manual and Semi Automated Gravity Casting 24
Squeeze Casting 24
Other Kinds of Casting 24
Sand Molds 24
Green Sand Molding 25
High-Density Molding (High Squeeze Pressure/ Impact) 25
Flaskless Molding 25
Tight Flask Molding 25
Skin-Dried and Dry Sand Molding 25
Chemically Bonded Sand Molding 25
Precision Casting Process 25
Permanent Mold Casting of Ferrous Alloys 26
Gravity Permanent Mold 26
Low-pressure Permanent Mold 26
High-Pressure Die Casting 26
Investment Casting (Lost Wax) 26
Ceramic Molding (Shaw Process) 27
True Ceramic Molding 27
Hitchiner Process (CLA, CLAS, CLAV) 27
Alternatives to Aluminum Die Casting Processes 27
Semi-Solid Forming Process Components: Superior to Mold Castings 27
Rheocasting and Thixocasting Semi-Solid Forming Process 27
The Alumax SSF Process 28
Magnesium - A Threat to Aluminum Die Casts 28
Comparative Analysis of Design Parameters 28
9. TECHNOLOGY BARRIERS IN MARKET DEVELOPMENT 29
10. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY 31
Cerion Takes Over Intermet Corporation 31
Compass Acquires Die-Casting & Machining Operations of Citation 31
TCG Unitech Undergoes Name Change to TCG Unitech Lth-ol d.o.o. 31
Citation Bags New Contracts for Iron Castings from Akebono 31
Japan Steel and Buhler Druckguss Partner to Develop Aluminum
Die-Casting Machine 32
AE Group Shuts Down Aluminum Die-Casting Facility in the US 32
Pace Industries to Close Two Aluminum Die-Casting Plants 32
Dynacast Acquires Assets of FisherCast 33
Kenner & Co Acquire Pace from Leggett & Platt 33
Marathon Asset Acquires Three Companies 33
Compass to Expand Operations 34
Contech Bags Die-casting Contract from American Axle 34
Intermet Corp. Files for Bankruptcy 35
Leggett & Platt Divests Aluminum Business 35
Citation to Shut Down Indiana Unit 35
11. CORPORATE ACTIVITY IN RECENT PAST - A PERSPECTIVE BUILDER 36
F-Tech Acquires Additional Stake in Reterra 36
Asahi Tec Acquires Metaldyne 36
Aisin to Set Up New Facility 36
Laurel Manufacturing Acquires Assets of Modern Die Casting 36
Monomoy Capital Purchases Alcoa Automotive Castings 37
SPX Sells Off Contech 37
Intermet Establishes New Die Cast Unit 37
Rio Tinto Acquires Alcan 38
Dynacast Purchases Techmire and Diversifies 38
Endurance Group Acquires Druckguss 38
Bavariaring Acquires Teksid Aluminum France 38
Chelyabinsk Zinc Plant Acquires Brock Metal 38
Amtek Auto Purchases Assets of J L French's (Wiham) 39
Endurance Technologies Buys Fondalmec 39
RHJ International Acquires Tafime 39
TK Aluminum Divests Teksid Aluminum 39
Rio Tinto Divests Stake in Two Slovenia Based Operations 40
Sona Koyo to Set up Aluminum Die-castings and Forging Unit 40
Hi-Tech Arai to Establish New Plant 40
Ashok Leyland Enters into Joint Venture with Alteams 40
TEAM Industries Enters into Joint Venture with RSB Group 41
Ryobi to Expand Operations 41
12. PRODUCT INNOVATIONS/INTRODUCTIONS 42
Chem-Trend Develops Die-casting Lubricant 42
Yamaha to Introduce New Die-Casting Technology in Bikes 42
Chip Foose Launches Elite Die-Cast Designs 42
13. FOCUS ON SELECT GLOBAL PLAYERS 43
Alcast Company (USA) 43
Alcoa Howmet Castings (USA) 43
Bodine Aluminum, Inc. (USA) 43
Consolidated Metco, Inc. (USA) 44
Contech U.S., LLC (USA) 44
Dynacast, Inc. (USA) 44
Gibbs Die Casting Corp. (USA) 45
Honsel GmbH & Co. KG (Germany) 45
Intermet Corporation (USA) 45
J. L. French Automotive Castings, Inc. (USA) 46
Kaiser Aluminum Corporation (USA) 46
Leggett & Platt, Inc. (USA) 46
Los Angeles Die Casting Company (USA) 47
Rio Tinto Alcan, Inc. (Canada) 47
Rochester Aluminum Smelting Canada Ltd. (Canada) 47
Ryobi Limited (Japan) 47
Shanghai Cosmopolitan Automobile Accessory Co., Ltd. (China) 48
Trident Components Group Ltd. (UK) 48
14. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE 49
Table 7: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by Geographic Region - US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America
and Middle East Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) 49
Table 8: World Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Middle East Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds
for Years 2000 through 2006 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 50
Table 9: World 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings
by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand
for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Latin America and Middle East Markets for Years 2005, 2010 &
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 51
Table 10: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings in Automotive/Internal Combustion
Engines by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Middle East
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million
Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 52
Table 11: World Historic Review for Aluminum Die-Castings in
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines by Geographic Region -
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Latin America and Middle East Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through
2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 53
Table 12: World 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings
in Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines by Geographic Region -
Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin
American Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) 54
Table 13: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings in Industrial, Commercial & Defense
End-Use Applications by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and
Middle East Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand
in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) 55
Table 14: World Historic Review for Aluminum Die-Castings in
Industrial, Commercial & Defense End-Use Applications by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Middle East Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds
for Years 2000 through 2006 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 56
Table 15: World 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings
in Industrial, Commercial & Defense End-Use Applications by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Latin America and Middle East Markets for Years 2005, 2010 &
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 57
Table 16: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings in Consumer OEM End-Use Applications by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Middle East Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds
for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 58
Table 17: World Historic Review for Aluminum Die-Castings in
Consumer OEM End-Use Applications by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin
America and Middle East Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through 2006
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 59
Table 18: World 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings
in Consumer OEM End-Use Applications by Geographic Region -
Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin
American Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) 60
Table 19: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings in Computer and Telecommunications by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Middle East Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds
for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 61
Table 20: World Historic Review for Aluminum Die-Castings in
Computer & Telecommunications by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin
America and Middle East Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000 through 2006
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 62
Table 21: World 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die- Castings
in Computer and Telecommunications by Geographic Region -
Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand for US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East and Latin
American Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) 63
15. THE UNITED STATES 64
A.Market Analysis 64
Current and Future Analysis 64
Recession Hit Auto Industry Percolates Effect Down to
Aluminum Die Castings 64
Global Leader in Die Castings 64
North American Aluminum Die-Castings Market to Remain Low 65
Trends and Issues 65
Aluminum Die Casting Reflects High Environmental Awareness 65
Metal Die-Castings Industry Trends 66
Ferrous Metal Castings: A Stagnant Market 66
Usage of Ductile Iron Predominates Over Gray Iron 66
Nonferrous Metal Castings: Emerging Sector 66
Plastics: Evolving as a Fast Growing Substitute 66
Aluminum and Magnesium Castings on a High Growth Note 67
Aluminum Die Casting Industry Exempt from Plant Emission
Regulations 67
Key Players 67
B.Market Analytics 68
Table 22: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 68
Table 23: US Historic Review for Aluminum Die-Castings by
End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 69
Table 24: US 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die Castings
by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand
for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 70
16. CANADA 71
A.Market Analysis 71
Current and Future Analysis 71
Canadian Metal Die-Castings Market in Times of Recession 71
Table 25: Canadian Metal Casting Production (2008-2010)-
Annual Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and
Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 71
Key Players 72
B.Market Analytics 72
Table 26: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 72
Table 27: Canadian Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 73
Table 28: Canadian 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die
Castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume
Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 74
17. JAPAN 75
A.Market Analysis 75
Current and Future Analysis 75
Aluminum Die-Casting Applications in Japan 75
Table 29: Japanese Aluminum Die-Cast Applications (2009 &
2010): Breakdown by End-use Segments - Industrial Machinery
& Engineering, Electrical Equipment, Automotive, Motorcycle
& Other Vehicles and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 75
Die Casting Machines for Metal Processing Machinery - A Peek
into the Past 76
Table 30: Japanese Market for Metal Processing Machinery
(2003): Percentage Breakdown of Die Casting Machines
Production by Company for Ube Industries, Toshiba Machine,
Toyo Machinery & Metal, and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 76
Key Player 76
B.Market Analytics 77
Table 31: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 77
Table 32: Japanese Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 78
Table 33: Japanese 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die
Castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume
Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 79
18. EUROPE 80
A.Market Analysis 80
Current and Future Analysis 80
B.Market Analytics 81
Table 34: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Aluminum Die-castings by Geographic Region - France,
Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds
for Years 2007 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) 81
Table 35: European Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain,
Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Demand in US$ Million for Years 2000 through
2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 82
Table 36: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 83
Table 37: European Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 84
Table 38: European 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum
Die-castings by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown by
Volume Demand for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia
and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 85
Table 39: European 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum
Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by
Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 and 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 86
18a. FRANCE 87
A.Market Analysis 87
Current and Future Analysis 87
Recession Overview of Metal Die-Castings Market 87
B.Market Analytics 88
Table 40: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 88
Table 41: French Historic Review for Aluminum Die Castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/ Internal Combustion
Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs;
and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 89
Table 42: French 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum
Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by
Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 90
18b. GERMANY 91
A.Market Analysis 91
Current and Future Analysis 91
Recession Overview of Metal Die-Castings Industry in Germany 91
Key Player 91
B.Market Analytics 92
Table 43: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 92
Table 44: German Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 93
Table 45: German 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum
Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by
Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 94
18c. ITALY 95
A.Market Analysis 95
Current and Future Analysis 95
Analysis of Metal Die-Castings Industry for Recession in Italy 95
B.Market Analytics 96
Table 46: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 96
Table 47: Italian Historic Review for Aluminum Die Castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/ Internal Combustion
Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs;
and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 97
Table 48: Italian 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum
Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by
Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 98
18d. THE UNITED KINGDOM 99
A.Market Analysis 99
Current and Future Analysis 99
Metal Die-Castings Market In UK Bearing Pressure from Recession 99
Key Player 99
B.Market Analytics 100
Table 49: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 100
Table 50: UK Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings by
End-Use Segment - Automotive/ Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 101
Table 51: UK 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume Demand
for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005, 2010 & 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 102
18e. SPAIN 103
A.Market Analysis 103
Current and Future Analysis 103
Metal Die-Castings Market Facing the Heat from Recession 103
B.Market Analytics 104
Table 52: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2007 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 104
Table 53: Spanish Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/ Internal Combustion
Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs;
and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 105
Table 54: Spanish 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum
Die-castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by
Volume Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and
Computers and Telecommunications Markets for Years 2005,
2010 & 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 106
18f. RUSSIA 107
A.Market Analysis 107
Current and Future Analysis 107
Russian Metal Die-Castings Industry in the Face of Recession 107
Table 55: Russian Metal Casting Production (2008- 2010)-
Breakdown by Segments - Gray Iron, Ductile Iron and
Aluminum (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 107
B.Market Analytics 108
Table 56: Russian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Aluminum Die-castings by End-Use Segment -
Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines; Industrial,
Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs; and Computers and
Telecommunications Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Demand in Million Pounds for the Years 2007 through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 108
Table 57: Russian Historic Review for Aluminum Die-castings
by End-Use Segment - Automotive/ Internal Combustion
Engines; Industrial, Commercial & Defense; Consumer OEMs;
and Computers and Telecommunications Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Demand in Million Pounds for Years 2000
through 2006 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) 109
Table 58: Russian 11-Year Perspective for Aluminum Die
Castings by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown by Volume
Demand for Automotive/Internal Combustion Engines;
------------------------------------------
Region/Country Players
------------------------------------------
The United States 51
Canada 4
Japan 5
Europe 114
France 4
Germany 35
The United Kingdom 24
Italy 18
Spain 5
Rest of Europe 28
Asia-Pacific (Excluding Japan) 28
Latin America 1

2010年12月7日星期二

Owl 1 rechargeable battery operated table lamps available from Neoz Lighting

Available from Neoz Lighting , Owl 1 rechargeable battery operated table lamps are ideal for lighting areas or rooms where there is a view as they create minimal reflection.
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2008年5月4日星期日

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2008年4月6日星期日

Magnificent Davydenko lifts tennis gloom

Who would have thought that tennis could be rescued by Nikolay Davydenko?These are testing times for the sport with match-fixing investigations, suspensions for unknown players caught having a few cheeky bets, a 2008 calendar which looks more unworkable with every inspection and a court case which threatens to undermine the power of the most powerful man in the sport.And then along comes Nikolay, a slim-line Russian with a receding hairline, to wow us all with some of the most exhilarating attacking tennis we抳e seen for ages and the troubles seem momentarily forgotten.Having received a bye through the first round of the Sony Ericsson Open, Davydenko needed to save match points in his first two rounds before things went crazy - as soon as he was scheduled for the centre court in fact. He took apart Janko Tipsarevic in the quarter-finals, reducing the Serb to a watching statue by the end, elevated his game further to dispatch Andy Roddick in the semis and then, in the performance of his life, took apart Nadal in the final with some startling angles and winners.As he celebrated, grinning in the centre of the court, more than 10,000 Americans rose to give him the warmest standing ovation of his career. It looked rather incongruous but it was thoroughly appropriate. Davydenko, don抰 forget, has been hung out to dry since August when a bookmaker told the world that a match he surprisingly lost in Poland was being investigated for unusual betting patterns. The finger of suspicion has been pointing his way ever since and the investigation continues, still without sign of imminent conclusion.The ATP stresses that it抯 an inquiry into the circumstances surrounding that match in Sopot rather than into Davydenko specifically. They say there抯 no deadline and the work continues behind the scenes to establish the truth. But on the evidence of yesterday, Davydenko is going to be challenging for Grand Slams this year and imagine the confusion and potential embarrassment if a major winner was still under scrutiny in a betting controversy.The reporters from outside tennis descend on the Grand Slams and this story will be top of their agenda if it抯 still running. Only a quick resolution from here will avoid that risk. There's plenty of tennis still to be played before we reach the next major, the French Open at the end of May, and Rafael Nadal is one of those aggrieved about the 2008 calendar.The heart of this year抯 schedule is more jam-packed than usual because of US College Basketball at one end and the Olympics at the other. It means three clay-court Masters Series events inside four weeks and a hard-court summer which takes the players from America in July, to Beijing in August, before a return to the States for the US Open later that month.Outsiders view this schedule with disbelief. What is the sport doing to itself and its players? People like Nadal occasionally kick up a fuss but the sport continues to have too many interested parties, looking after their own slices of the pie, rather than a considered overview and a realisation of the need for change to protect for the long-term.And that抯 where we hit the really serious issue of the moment. Etienne De Villiers is a man who can see through the haze. When he arrived at the ATP as CEO and president he brought an outsider's viewpoint and set about constructing a vision for a new-look calendar, to be launched in 2009. But the minute he started to use his presidential powers, the mutiny began and two tournaments started legal proceedings against the governing body.De Villiers� plan was to downgrade Monte Carlo and Hamburg, creating more breathing space in that hectic European clay swing. Suffice to say, they didn抰 like it much.Monte Carlo reached an out-of-court settlement last year but Hamburg has its legal documents still firmly in the in-tray of the Courts of Delaware. Poor old Hamburg. It抯 a nice tournament with a great history in German, European and world tennis but unfortunately we can抰 have three Masters Series events in four weeks. It抯 just stupid. One has to go, it will be a great loss, but it抯 for the greater good.However, if the German lawyers are successful with their anti-trust legal case, it will effectively rip up the proposed 2009 calendar and De Villiers� vision will be in shatters. How typically tennis. Another settlement seems likely, with Hamburg switching to July and probably some hefty compensation in return, but how can tennis change for the better if every radical proposal is challenged in the courts? And then just as we were worrying about things a little too much, along came Nikolay with his one racket, his spitting-image brother and his wonderful forehand. A stadium of Americans was brought to its feet. He even cracked some gags in the press conference.Strange times these.

Davydenko makes light of betting probe and Nadal

Nikolay Davydenko yesterday produced one of the best performances of his career to win the Masters Series title with a stunning 6-4, 6-2 victory over Rafael Nadal. The Russian has been obliged to live under a large and depressing cloud for many months and will probably remain the object of speculation until long after the ATP's verdict on alleged corruption in betting is given, but all that was temporarily forgotten yesterday in the final, his first against the world No2.


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His performance will, however, draw more attention to the player who has had to live with constant doubt during the months the investigation has been going on. He has had his family phone numbers demanded of him, aggressive questioning from the media, and even an umpire who decided to lecture him on how to serve better, suggesting he did it "like me".
Davydenko seems to have survived with satirical humour - "I don't think about the investigation. I think my lawyer should think about it, or my manager," he sighed - with the fighting qualities for which many of the Russians are known, and with even greater attention to making his game more aggressive and consistent.
He hits flat, forcefully and with clever tactical variations. Nadal could not do those things, though he clearly tried to beef up his topspin, containing game with more positive intent. But he made mistakes when he did.
After a shaky start, in which Davydenko looked likely to fall behind and once missed a smash from within a few feet of the net, he was superb, going from strength to strength after saving break points against him in the seventh game.
He then broke Nadal to love, consolidated by holding his next service game to love, and never looked back. "He played unbelievable tennis," admitted Nadal.
Even Davydenko seemed shocked to be holding the trophy. "It is surprising for me to stand here, it is crazy," he said, before revealing that he had played the entire tournament with only one racket. "I only have one racket and I played three sets in virtually every match. Thankfully I didn't break a string."
Davydenko and Nadal are among the 20 leading players who have posed a threat to Etienne de Villiers' leadership of the men's tour. They have signed a letter to the ATP board, of which De Villiers is chairman, demanding that the South African's contract not be renewed at the end of the year without a proper application process.
This increases the possibility that De Villiers will pay with his job for making some controversial decisions, which have included the abandonment of a round-robin system in Las Vegas last year and the attempted downgrading of two popular clay-court events.
Davydenko and Nadal are two of the three top-ranked players - Roger Federer is the third - who criticised De Villiers last year at a press conference called to discuss the proposed demotion of Monte Carlo and Hamburg. The ATP is facing one costly lawsuit over the German tournament's future, which will be heard in Delaware in June, and may face another from Davydenko if the investigation into corrupt betting fails to implicate the Russian.
Nadal is also upset at this year's calendar change which has brought three clay-court Masters Series tournaments together in four potentially exhausting weeks this month and next. "For me it's terrible," the Spaniard said.

2008年3月23日星期日

Reproduction table lamps available from The Antique & Vintage Lamp

Reproduction lampsThe Antique & Vintage Lamp Co has enlarged its range of table lamps to now include an impressive collection of reproduction lamps.
Thge reproduction lamp range is proving popular with not only the home decorator, but with professional interior decorators, interior designers and architects with an interest in interior design.

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Table lamps, carefully placed can literally make an interior by high lighting or soft lighting specific areas of a room.


29-Feb

New table lamps will light up with just a touch

Table lamps typically can be turned on by twisting a knob or pulling on a chain.
Some table lamps are even more convenient. With the slightest touch of your fingers on the metal base, they come to life. These lamps are often called touch lamps.
Stores might not carry many models of them, but you'll probably be able to spot a few.
''They'll be around because they're really easy to use,'' said Doug Beach, store manager of Lamps Plus in Fresno, Calif.
Basically, the lamp lights when you touch any metal part of it, which often includes the base and the rim of the shade. It also usually has three light settings.
Beach and Harry Karayan, the purchasing agent at James & Co. Lighting in Fresno, say touch lamps are popular with older people.
''Some people, especially the elderly, the simple turn knob can get difficult for them,'' Karayan said. With a touch lamp, ''they would just have to touch it. Also, it dims.''
Touch lamps vary in price. The cost at Lamps Plus can start at $24.99. Wal-Mart in Clovis, Calif., also has some touch lamps that cost between $9.97 and $27.87.
These lamps might be easy to use, but you can't use energy-efficient bulbs with them. Use the bulbs recommended by the manufacturer for your particular touch lamp.
In addition, sensors in touch lamps can be touchy — when the bulbs blow, the sensors do, too, Beach said. He recommends changing the bulbs every so often before they blow.
People often don't realize the sensor is broken until they replace the light bulb, he said. ''When the sensor goes out, the light just stays on,'' he said. To replace the sensor costs $20, including the part and labor.
If you already have a table lamp at home that you like, you can convert it to a touch lamp. Several accessory options can do this. Lamps Plus has a plug you can plug your lamp into for $14.99, and a light-bulb socket to screw on before putting in the bulb for $10.
James and Co. Lighting also has a light-bulb socket converter for $24 and a credit card-size converter that wires into the bottom of the lamp for $40, which includes the part and labor.
If you go with the light-bulb socket conversion, realize that it will raise the bulb slightly higher and you might have difficulty with the light shade fitting correctly, Beach said.